INTERRELATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES AND VALUES OF BIOMEDICAL ETHICS

Abstract

The article analyzes the principles governing the use of new biotechnologies in human life. The development trends of these principles are noted, including the expansion of the system of principles of biojurisprudence, the influence on their formation of the principles of bioethics; active use of them in judicial practice. Currently, under the auspices of the Council of Europe, a set of international legal and advisory acts regulating the field of bioethics, as well asrelated issues, has been developed. The Oviedo Convention is the only international legally binding document on the protection of human rights in the biomedical field. Based on the European system of human rights protection, the following key principles related to human rights in the field of biomedicine are enshrined in the Convention: the priority of the person, free and informed consent, protection of the right to respect for private life and the right to information. The specified provisions correlate with the main purpose of the agreement - to guarantee the rights and basic freedoms of everyone, in particular, inviolability, as well as to ensure the protection of human dignity and individual integrity in connection with the application of the achievements of biology and medicine. According to the Oviedo Convention, member states are obliged to protect the dignity and integrity of every person without any discrimination. International legal treaties and acts of the Council of Europe, which stimulate states to develop appropriate domestic legislation and other legal measures for the protection of human rights, are supposed to play a special role in the field of bioethics. It is noted that in view of the development of medicine and the involvement of an increasing number of people in biomedical research and manipulations, the principles of, relatively speaking, the "passive" approach, which provide for the existential concern of society and medical professionals - doctors and researchers, to comply with ethical requirements for patients who become dependent on them begin to play a special role. The principles of integrity and vulnerability put forward by European bioethics play a special role in this connection. These principles are directly related to respect for the dignity of the individual and affect both the physical and mental aspects of an individual's life.