Individual characteristics of the kinematic structure of movements of qualified long jumpers

Abstract

Topicality. Expanding knowledge about the individual characteristics of the kinematic structure of movements in qualified long jumpers is extremely relevant for both science and practice and requires further study. The purpose of the study is to improve the technical proficiency of qualified long jumpers based on the identification of their individual characteristics of the kinematic structure of movements. Material and methods of the study. Methods used: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature and Internet sources; biomechanical analysis; modeling; methods of mathematical statistics.

To determine the features of the kinematic structure of the approach run in long jump, the OptoJump optical-electronic measurement system was used. Informative biomechanical characteristics of attempts performed by qualified long jumpers during Ukrainian competitions of various levels, with performance results ranging from 8.01 to 7.50 m (n=30), were analyzed. The obtained biomechanical parameters and identified patterns of their variation formed the basis for the development of group models. The average values of informative kinematic indicators were compared with the individual maximal sports outcome (MSO) of an attempt with a result of 7.83 m. Results of the study. The comparative analysis of biomechanical parameters of the long jump technique of an athlete with a result of 7.83 m, in comparison with the group model of highly qualified jumpers (8.01–7.50 m), revealed a number of individual characteristics that form the athlete's strengths and determine directions for further technical improvement. Conclusions. Further refinement of technique should be aimed at the individual correction of the final step and take-off, taking into account the identified strengths of the athlete, such as high movement intensity, optimal step length parameters, and high foot speed.