Plagiarism Policy

All manuscripts submitted to the journal are subject to mandatory plagiarism screening prior to the peer review process. Plagiarism checks are conducted using specialized plagiarism detection software, primarily Unicheck. Where necessary, additional tools may be used, including StrikePlagiarism, iThenticate, or other equivalent systems.

Editors and reviewers are obliged to report any suspected cases of plagiarism, self-plagiarism, excessive citation, or other forms of unethical use of sources to the Editorial Board.

Authors bear full responsibility for the originality of their submitted manuscripts and are required to:

• properly cite all sources used in the manuscript;

• clearly indicate any borrowed ideas, data, text fragments, figures, or other materials;

• provide complete and accurate bibliographic references in accordance with the journal’s guidelines.

If plagiarism, self-plagiarism, or other violations of academic integrity are identified, the Editorial Board reserves the right to:

• reject the manuscript without the possibility of resubmission; or

• return the manuscript to the authors for revision in cases of minor or unintentional violations.

The journal adheres to the principles of academic integrity and follows internationally recognized standards of publication ethics.