Dictionary-lexical work as a means of developing thinking operations of young schoolchildren in the process of learning the Ukrainian language
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31652/3041-2439-2025-4-1Keywords:
vocabulary and lexical work, thinking, younger schoolchildren, psychological and pedagogical conditions, Ukrainian language, speech developmentAbstract
The article considers the problem of the development of thinking operations of younger schoolchildren in the process of learning the Ukrainian language by means of vocabulary and lexical work. Mastering the ability to consciously and appropriately use words in speech contributes to the development of communicative and reading skills, increases the culture of communication and activates the thinking activity of students. Based on the theoretical substantiation and methodological analysis of scientific works, it was found that systematic and purposeful work on the enrichment, clarification and activation of students' vocabulary contributes to the development of such thinking operations as analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, classification. The authors emphasize that thinking is manifested through speech and is improved in the process of communication, while speech is formed under the influence of thinking. These two processes form an inseparable unity: thinking goes beyond sensory perception, and speech provides its organization and development. Speech activity includes four stages - orientation, planning, implementation and control, which corresponds to the general structure of any type of activity. The problem of forming the thinking of younger schoolchildren in Ukrainian language lessons is considered in the context of current methodological issues. The article outlines the psychological and pedagogical conditions that ensure the effectiveness of this process, in particular: taking into account the age and cognitive characteristics of younger schoolchildren; creating a speech-developmental environment; using a system of exercises aimed at activating thinking activity; combining lexical tasks with other types of speech activity; systematic and consistent work on the word; creating a motivational space that awakens interest in the knowledge of language phenomena. It is concluded that one of the important factors in the development of thinking operations of younger schoolchildren is systematic vocabulary and lexical work, because the word itself acts as the basic unit of speech and thinking.References
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