Level of supplies of Lend-Lease for Soviet Union during the World War ІІ

Abstract

The purpose of the article is an attempt to objectively identify the level of supplies as a result of military-economic and political cooperation of the Soviet Union with Great Britain and the United States, and features of their income and use in the USSR. Was made an attempt to reveal the role of foreign technologies that have been lend leased in the modernization of domestic production. After all, from the moment of the disintegration of the Anti-Hitler coalition until recently, the issue of supplies to the USSR has always been at the epicenter of intense discussions on assessing the contribution of each of the partners in the Anti-Hitler coalition to the victory over Nazism.The methodology of the research is based on the use of general scientific principles: historicism, scientific objectivity, a systematic approach in the analysis of historical processes under consideration. Such special historical methods as problem-chronological, comparative-historical, descriptive, historical-systemic proved to be effective.The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the comprehensive development of the topic in the close relationship of events that took place during this time, summarized data on assistance under the program "Lend-Lease" to the Soviet Union during World War II. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the historiographic and source base, it is safe to say that the supply of equipment and raw materials to the USSR under the Lend-Lease program essentially saved the Soviet state from collapse in 1941-1942 and helped in modernizing certain branches of military production. However, the income of foreign "defense materials" was accompanied by many contradictions, especially in 1941-1943. The main one was the slow deployment of the Allied supply process in the USSR, which at that time was a small part of needs of Soviet Union. Towards the end of the war, the contribution of the Lend-Lease to the overall military potential of the USSR increased significantly. Allied supplies to the USSR contributed to the intensification of research, the implementation of the achievements of foreign design thought in Soviet aircraft, shipbuilding, etc., and overcoming the lag of the USSR in a number of areas of military production. In addition, it is safe to say that the Soviet Union took on the role of "buffer" and did what the United States and Britain supplied materials, technology, and raw materials for, as the Soviet state should become the springboard for the liberation of Europe.