RATIONALIST IDEAS IN THE WORKS OF ANCIENT KIEV THINKERS AS A SOURCE OF FORMATION OF EARLY ENLIGHTENMENT IDEOLOGY IN THE DOMESTIC EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL SPACE

Abstract

Based on the works of domestic thinkers Kliment Smolyatich and Kyrylo Turivsky (12th century), the article attempts to trace the formation of rational methods in the domestic field of education and science during the early Middle Ages. It is noted that rationalist ideas and tendencies were clearly manifested in the period of the 17th - early 18th centuries. This period is characterized by the establishment of the early Enlightenment ideology, based on scientific and rational methods of cognition of the world. But rational methods were already manifested in previous time periods: from the 10th to the 12th centuries and up to the 17th century. The rational methods that are traced in the works of the aforementioned ancient Kievan thinkers were the methods of allegorical parallelism, analogy, symbolism, the parable method, etc. These principles, based on the activity of the individual mind, were used primarily for reading, deciphering and understanding the texts of the Bible, and then for learning about nature and the phenomena of the surrounding world, which in the future created a basis for the formation and development of rationalist ideas. Rationalist ideas formed the basis of the early Enlightenment ideology, the clear features of which we observe in the field of Ukrainian education and science in the following period of time.