THE ROLE OF LOGIC IN MATHEMATICS AND THE FORMATION OF A COMPETITIVE SPECIALIST

Abstract

Developed logical reasoning is a necessary background for successful work as a lawyer, economist, manager, scientist, this is reflected in the standards of higher education in Ukraine. This is also a sign of universal and professional well-educated specialist, who is able to solve complex specialized issues and practical problems in his own professional activity. Such activity involves possession of a certain logical nexus of methods of analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization, the ability of making a logical proof, for example, a proof by contradictionton, direct proof, proof by contrapositive, draw the right conclusions, make reasoned and rational decisions. In connection with all before mentioned, there arises a problem of finding ways to developing logical thinking of specialists in various fields, taking into account the historical connection of Logic with Mathematics. The theoretical and empirical research methods were applied to achieve the goal and solve the tasks of the research: scientific study of scholarly papers, analysis of educational and methodological literature, pedagogical observations of the learning process of students ZVO. This paper clarifies the role and application of Logic as a science in Mathematics. It is proved on the example of binary relations, that predicate calculus gives an explicit insight into a general and abstract ideas and relations in Mathematics. This paper explains the connection between mathematical logic and other mathematical disciplines; establishes the ways of implementation of logical laws in other sciences through teaching mathematical disciplines. It is established that the formation of logical culture of specialists of any field can be realized during the study of disciplines of Mathematics, or the use of system of non-standard logical problems. This paper clarifies the huge and undeniable influence of Logic on Mathematics. Mathematical logic is essentially a formal logic that uses mathematics-based methods, in regard to this the so-called «mathematization» of knowledge is essentially «logical» knowledge. Therefore, the formation of the logical culture of a competitive specialist can achieved by studying various disciplines of Mathematics, or using a system of non-standard logical problems.